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INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION
Automation is the technology by which a process or procedure is performed with minimal human assistance. Automation or automatic control is the use of various control systems for operating equipment such as machinery, processes in factories, boilers and heat treating ovens, switching on telephone networks, steering and stabilization of ships, aircraft and other applications and vehicles with minimal or reduced human intervention.
Automation covers applications ranging from a household thermostat controlling a boiler, to a large industrial control system with tens of thousands of input measurements and output control signals. In control complexity, it can range from simple on-off control to multi-variable high-level algorithms.
In the simplest type of an automatic control loop, a controller compares a measured value of a process with a desired set value, and processes the resulting error signal to change some input to the process, in such a way that the process stays at its set point despite disturbances. This closed-loop control is an application of negative feedback to a system. The mathematical basis of control theory was begun in the 18th century and advanced rapidly in the 20th.
Automation has been achieved by various means including mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, electronic devices and computers, usually in combination. Complicated systems, such as modern factories, airplanes and ships typically use all these combined techniques. The benefit of automation includes labor savings, savings in electricity costs, savings in material costs, and improvements to quality, accuracy, and precision.
The World Bank's World Development Report 2019 shows evidence that the new industries and jobs in the technology sector outweigh the economic effects of workers being displaced by automation.
Job losses and downward mobility blamed on Automation has been cited as one of many factors in the resurgence of nationalist and protectionist politics in the US, UK and France, among other countries since 2010s.
The term automation, inspired by the earlier word automatic (coming from automaton), was not widely used before 1947, when Ford established an automation department. It was during this time that industry was rapidly adopting feedback controllers, which were introduced in the 1930s.
Omron E3X-HD41 2M Sensor: optical fibre amplifier; PNP; IP50; Connection: lead 2m..
PLC, 24 VDC supply, 18 x 24 VDC inputs, 12 x NPN outputs 0.3 A, 8K steps program + 8K words data memory, RS-232C port..
1734-OB8 POINT I/O 8 POINT DIGITAL OUTPUT..
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Allen-Bradley 1734-OE4C I/O Module, Analog, 4 Single Ended Outputs, 75mA, Pointbus Current..
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Allen-Bradley 1734-TB3 Terminal Base, 12 Connections, Screw Clamp, 10A, 24VDC, 120/240VAC..
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Allen-Bradley 1734-TOP Terminal Base, 1 Piece Mounting, 8 Screw Clamp Connections..
Allen-Bradley 1756-A7 Chassis, Mounting,7 Slots, 20" x 24" x 8"..
Module, Communications, Ethernet/Ip Bridge, 10 - 100Mbps, Embedded Switch, Dual Copper..
Allen-Bradley 1756-PA72 Power Supply, Standard, 85 - 265VAC, 20A, 25W..
Allen Bradley MicroLogix 1762 PLC I/O Module - 4 Inputs, 50 mA Output Current..
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Allen-Bradley 1762-IF2OF2 Module, Expansion, 2 Analog Inputs, 2 Analog Outputs..
Allen Bradley MicroLogix 1762 PLC I/O Module - 1 Outputs, 4 → 20 mA Output Current, 0 → 10 VA..
1763 MicroLogix 1100 System, Cable: MicroLogix 1100 Channel 0 (8-pin DIN) to RS-485 (6-pin Phoenix)..
Allen-Bradley 1766-L32BXB MicroLogix 1400 Small Programmable Logic Controller, RS-232C/RS485 (9-pin D-Shell & 8-pin mini DIN) and Ethernet/IP (RJ-45) Communication Ports, 12 Digital fast 24V DC In..
Controller, 20 Inputs, 12 Outputs, 24VDCController, MicroLogix 1400, 20 Inputs, 12 Fast 24V DC Inputs, 8 Normal 24V DC Inputs, 6 Relay Outputs, 3 Fast 24V DC Outputs, 3 Normal 24V DC Outputs, 24V DC P..
Allen Bradley 1769-ECR Cover.Module End Cover - Right Hand..
Allen-Bradley 20-COMM-E Communications Adapter, Ethernet/IP for PowerFlex Drives..
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Allen-Bradley 20-HIM-A6 Human Interface Module, Enhanced LCD Display, Full Numeric Keypad..
Analogue I/O Modules Voltage or Current inputs Dimensions: H 90 x W 40 x D 87mm..
Allen Bradley Micro850 PLC CPU - 20 Outputs, Ethernet, USB Networking..
Allen-Bradley 2085-ECR End Cap Terminator, Micro850, Expansion I/O..
Allen-Bradley 2085-IF8 I/O Module, Micro800, 8 Channel, Analog, Isolated, Voltage/Current..
PowerFlex 40 AC Drive, 240VAC, 1PH, 2.3 Amps, 0.37 kW, 0.5 HP,Frame Size B, IP20 (Open), LED Display, Digital Keypad, No CE Compliant Filter, RS485..
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Allen-Bradley 22F-D8P7N103 Drive, PowerFlex 40M, 480VAC, 3PH, 8.7A, 3.7KW, 5.0HP, IP20..
Allen-Bradley 2711P-K4M5D8 Operator Interface, PanelView Plus 6, 3.5", GrayScale, 24VDCSpecifications Brand Name Allen-Bradley Image Aspect Ratio Standard (4:3) Model PVP..
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Allen-Bradley 9701-VWSB100AENM Communications Software, FactoryTalk View SE Station 100 Display..
CJ1W‐IC101Expansion I/O control unit, connects to right hand side of CPU..
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CJ1W‐ID231Digital input unit, 32 x 24 VDC inputs, FCN40 connector (not included)..
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CJ1W‐OD262Digital output unit, 64 x transistor outputs, PNP, 0.3 A, 24 VDC, 2 x MIL40 connectors (not included)..
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CJ1W‐PA202Rack Mount Power Supplies PWR.SUPPLY, CJ1, 14W..
